Bash Arguments

- You can use $_ or !$ to recall the last argument of the previous command.
- Also, if you want an arbitrary argument, you can use !!:1, !!:2, etc. (!!:0 is the previous command itself.) !:1-2 !:10-12
- Similar to !$, you use !^ for the first argument.
- !$ - last argument from previous command
- !^ - first argument (after the program/built-in/script) from previous command
- !! - previous command (often pronounced "bang bang")
- !n - command number n from history
- !pattern - most recent command matching pattern
- !!:s/find/replace - last command, substitute find with replace
- Use following to take the second argument from the third command in the history,
!3:2
- Use following to take the third argument from the fifth last command in the history,
!-5:3
- !* runs a new command with all previous arguments.

Event Designators

An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the history list. Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current position in the history list.

!

Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab, the end of the line, ‘=’ or ‘(’ (when the extglob shell option is enabled using the shopt builtin).
!n

Refer to command line n.
!-n

Refer to the command n lines back.
!!

Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for ‘!-1’.
!string

Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in the history list starting with string.
!?string[?]

Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in the history list containing string. The trailing ‘?’ may be omitted if the string is followed immediately by a newline.
^string1^string2^

Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing string1 with string2. Equivalent to !!:s/string1/string2/.
!#

The entire command line typed so far.

Next: Modifiers, Previous: Event Designators, Up: History Interaction [Contents][Index]
9.3.2 Word Designators

Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A ‘:’ separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a ‘^’, ‘$’, ‘*’, ‘-’, or ‘%’. Words are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.

For example,

!!

designates the preceding command. When you type this, the preceding command is repeated in toto.
!!:$

designates the last argument of the preceding command. This may be shortened to !$.
!fi:2

designates the second argument of the most recent command starting with the letters fi.

Here are the word designators:

0 (zero)

The 0th word. For many applications, this is the command word.
n

The nth word.
^

The first argument; that is, word 1.
$

The last argument.
%

The word matched by the most recent ‘?string?’ search.
x-y

A range of words; ‘-y’ abbreviates ‘0-y’.
*

All of the words, except the 0th. This is a synonym for ‘1-$’. It is not an error to use ‘*’ if there is just one word in the event; the empty string is returned in that case.
x*

Abbreviates ‘x-$’
x-

Abbreviates ‘x-$’ like ‘x*’, but omits the last word.

If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the previous command is used as the event.

Modifiers

After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a ‘:’.

h

Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head.
t

Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail.
r

Remove a trailing suffix of the form ‘.suffix’, leaving the basename.
e

Remove all but the trailing suffix.
p

Print the new command but do not execute it.
q

Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
x

Quote the substituted words as with ‘q’, but break into words at spaces, tabs, and newlines.
s/old/new/

Substitute new for the first occurrence of old in the event line. Any delimiter may be used in place of ‘/’. The delimiter may be quoted in old and new with a single backslash. If ‘&’ appears in new, it is replaced by old. A single backslash will quote the ‘&’. The final delimiter is optional if it is the last character on the input line.
&

Repeat the previous substitution.
g
a

Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. Used in conjunction with ‘s’, as in gs/old/new/, or with ‘&’.
G

Apply the following ‘s’ modifier once to each word in the event.

Auteur : Harlok

2019-04-16 21:56:19